What does the term Green Revolution refer to?

The term Green Revolution refers to a significant increase in crop production, particularly in developing countries, that began in the mid-20th century. This period was marked by the introduction of high-yielding varieties of seeds, along with the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, improved irrigation practices, and advancements in agricultural techniques. These innovations led to a dramatic rise in food production, particularly of staple crops such as wheat and rice, helping to alleviate hunger and improve food security in many regions.

The Green Revolution had a profound impact on agricultural practices and food availability, allowing countries that adopted these methods to achieve self-sufficiency and, in some cases, become net exporters of food. It played a crucial role in addressing the challenges of a growing global population during that time.

The other choices do not accurately capture the essence of the Green Revolution; instead, they suggest negative outcomes or shifts away from productivity in agriculture, which are contrary to the intended effects of the movement.